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Why Snow and Confetti Ruin YouTube Video Quality

Tom Scott · 10.4M views · 2016-05-23 · 4:20

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Overview

Tom Scott explains why confetti and snow wreck video quality, using interframe compression and bitrate. He demonstrates it live by changing the quality on screen.

On Hacker News

Used as the clearest short demonstration of why noisy, high-motion content is hard for video compression.

Recommended by 3 HN people across 3 months · HN mentions 2018–2024

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What people said

Rebuff5007 · 2024-01 · Strong recommendation

To this day when I have buffering problems with online videos I immediately think about his explainer-demo with confetti [1]. Love his work! [1] [VIDEO]

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jerf · 2023-06 · Recommendation

It may be easier to think about high-quality swathes of pixels, because obviously any one pixel can't be wrong in isolation, and even to the extent it is, who cares. However, if you look at a swathe of pixels, say a 16x16 chunk, you can reasonably talk about with what fidelity that set of pixels represents the original signal, whatever that original signal was. You get into the whole perceptual coding thing which tells us that determining the human-perceived accuracy of a chunk of pixels is more than just adding up the differences, but you can take that as a suitable first approximation for thought. High-quality pixels have minimal deviation from the source material. Low-quality pixels have significant deviation. Tom Scott has a good video where turns up and down the quality live so you can see it in a single video: [VIDEO] The video's resolution never changes, and you could say the video's bit rate never changes (it probably does because adaptive coding saves YouTube a fortune, but conceptually you could say it doesn't), but the quality of the pixels sure does.

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rocgf · 2020-12 · Recommendation

I do not know the answer, but I would absolutely shocked if it was streamed as a regular video. To the best of my knowledge, there are many, many optimizations which go into video. This is a pretty good high-level video I came across - [VIDEO]

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Sources

Video by Tom Scott, played through YouTube.

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